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๐‚๐Ž๐๐Ÿ๐Ÿ”- ๐ƒ๐„๐’๐„๐‘๐“๐ˆ๐…๐ˆ๐‚๐€๐“๐ˆ๐Ž๐: ๐ญ๐ก๐ซ๐ž๐ž ๐ช๐ฎ๐š๐ซ๐ญ๐ž๐ซ๐ฌ ๐จ๐Ÿ ๐ญ๐ก๐ž ๐ฐ๐จ๐ซ๐ฅ๐โ€™๐ฌ ๐ฅ๐š๐ง๐ ๐ก๐š๐ฌ ๐›๐ž๐œ๐จ๐ฆ๐ž ๐๐ซ๐ข๐ž๐ซ ๐ข๐ง ๐Ÿ‘๐ŸŽ ๐ฒ๐ž๐š๐ซ๐ฌ, ๐ฐ๐š๐ซ๐ง๐ฌ ๐ญ๐ก๐ž ๐”๐ ๐‘๐ข๐ฒ๐š๐๐ก, ๐’๐š๐ฎ๐๐ข ๐€๐ซ๐š๐›๐ข๐š.

Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
Tuesday, December 10, 2024

More than 75% of the worldโ€™s land has become drier over the past three decades, the UN warned Monday in a report released at COP16 desertification, revealing a crisis that could affect up to five billion people by 2100.
Between 1990 and 2020, 4.3 million square kilometers of wetlands were transformed into drylands, an area larger than India.
A phenomenon caused by a major climatic transformation that could redefine life on Earth, asserts this study by a group of scientists commissioned by the UN, entitled โ€œThe Global Threat of Drying Landsโ€.

A picture shows a view of the Al-Ghat National Park on November 28, 2024. โ€“ Saudi Arabia will host the COP16 UN conference on land degradation and desertification next week as the top oil exporter pitches itself as an environmental defender despite criticism of its role at climate talks. (Photo by Fayez Nureldine / AFP)

Aridity, a chronic shortage of water that makes agriculture difficult, now extends over โ€œ40.6% of the Earthโ€™s land surfaceโ€, excluding Antarctica, compared with โ€œ37.5% 30 years agoโ€, according to the scientists, whose worst-affected areas include the Mediterranean rim, southern Africa, southern Australia and parts of Asia and Latin America.

โ€œUnlike droughts, which are temporary, aridity represents a permanent transformation,โ€ warned Ibrahim Thiaw, Executive Secretary of the United Nations Convention to Combat Desertification (UNCCD).โ€œThis crisis is redefining ecosystems, economies and livelihoodsโ€, he explained.
According to the report, this trend is largely attributed to global warming caused by greenhouse gas emissions, which alter rainfall and increase evaporation.
โ€œFor the first time, a UN scientific body is warning that the burning of fossil fuels is causing permanent drying across much of the world, with potentially catastrophic impacts on access to water, potentially bringing people and nature even closer to disastrous tipping points,โ€ warns Barron Orr, chief scientist at the UNCCD.
The consequences of aridity are manifold: soil degradation, ecosystem collapse, food insecurity and forced migration.
โ€œMore than 2.3 billion peopleโ€ already live in arid zones, a figure that could exceed five billion by the end of the century if greenhouse gas emissions are not drastically reduced, says the report.
In Africa, aridity has caused a โ€œ12% drop in Gross Domestic Product (GDP) between 1990 and 2015โ€, while global agricultural yields of maize, wheat and rice are set to fall by tens of millions of tonnes by 2040, according to the report.
To counter this trend, the scientists recommend โ€œintegrating aridity into drought monitoring systemsโ€, improving soil and water management, and supporting the โ€œmost vulnerable communitiesโ€.

Humaniterre with AFP

 

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